⚡Week 12⚡
There are 3 phases of CALL
-Behavioristic CALL is the first phase of CALL. It was based on the model of computer as tutor. Most of CALL programs in this phase entailed repetitive language drill and practice activities. In other words, computer was seen as a medium to deliver instructional materials to learners. PLATO system, which included vocabulary drills, short grammar explanations and drills, and translation exercises, is a good example for this phase.
-Communicative CALL is the second phase which gained importance in the 1970s. It focuses on authentic communication and use of forms rather than the forms themselves.3 different CALL models were used for communicative activities: computer as tutor, computer as tool and computer as stimulus.
- The third phase is called Integrative CALL. It was developed in an effort to address some criticisms of the communicative approach by both integrating the teaching of four language skills.
In this phase, the computer serves as tool, in which the computer does not provide learning material, but empowers users to actually use language.
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